The Origins of Islam

The “Origin of Islam” series is intended to provide a big-picture look at how Islam started.

Looking at the corrections made by the scribe who wrote one of the oldest Quranic manuscripts, we can reconstruct the original contents of the Quran. Where Islam came from, how it evolved and how we ended up with the religion we know today. I’m introducing the historical-critical method as it’s applied to the Quran and paint a new narrative based on primary evidence and linguistic analysis.

 

There’s No Archaeological Evidence Of Prophet Mohammad

No Mecca prior to the 7th century | Speakers’ Corner debate

The Archeological Evidence against Islam – Shaking the Strongholds.
The Qur’an is facing a blistering attack from contemporary scholarship. The mounting archaeological case against Islam.
Muslims are adamant in asserting that the Qur’an is the final true word of God. However the historical reliability of Islam has been challenged by contemporary scholarship. Manuscript, documentary and archaeological evidence all fail to confirm the claims of Islam. In the last issue (Isa Masih no. 6, p8-9) we exposed the gaps in qur’anic manuscript evidence, and revealed apocryphal sources for much of the Qur’an’s borrowed mythology. Here, we explore the mounting case against Islam from external documentary sources and modern archaeology.

Much of what the Qur’an maintains is at odds with historical data from the 7th-8th centuries. Specifically:

  1. The Jews retained a relationship with the Arabs until at least AD 640, not 624 AD.
  2. Mecca was not the first and most important city in the world; it was unknown until the end of the 7th century and was not even on the international trade route.
  3. The Qibla (direction of prayer) was not fixed towards Mecca until the 8th century but to an area further north, possibly Jerusalem.
  4. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem was possibly the original sanctuary.
  5. Muhammad was not known as the Seal of the Prophets until the late 7th century; the creeds from Muhammad’s time contain a monotheistic religion but no Muhammadan formulae.
  6. The earliest we even hear of the Qur’an is not until the mid-8th century.
  7. The earliest qur’anic writings on coins and on the Dome of the Rock do not coincide with the current qur’anic text.

This suggests the Qur’an we now read is not the same as that which was supposedly collated and canonized in 650 AD by Uthman. The earliest qur’anic manuscripts in our possession today (dating from 790 AD) would appear to reflect an evolution in the qur’anic text. This challenges the Muslim contention that the Qur’an contains the original and exact revelation of Allah, as recited by Muhammad and hence strikes at the very heart of the Islamic faith. The Qur’an has in the past been protected by a kind of doctrinal embargo- but can Muslims ignore the mounting tide of evidence to the contrary?

India Manufacture Sanitary Pads From Bananas Waste

How Banana Plant Waste Is Turned Into Sanitary Pads in India | World Wide Waste

One in four women in India don’t have the supplies they need for their period. One startup is turning farm waste into biodegradable pads that could prevent the mountains of plastic trash conventional pads create.

Shocking Iranian Girl Experience In Religious Marriage & Divorce

I’m Divorced, Officially Single, and a virgin.

It took a while before I decided FOR posting this video, as it’s really personal and might cause some problems, you know.
But at the end of the day I decided it was worth it, because TRUTH—about anything— may potentially be beneficial to the world….I don’t know! Sometimes you just have to follow your heart……

Prophet Muhammad love affair with Zainab his adopted son’s wife

Prophet Mohammad marries Zaynab

Zaynab was forced to leave Makkah to go to Medina as a ransom in exchange for the freedom of her husband Abul-‘As ibn Ar-Rabi’ of Makkah. This man fought against the Prophet in the battle of Badr, and was captured by the Muslims. To ransom his freedom, his wife sent to the Prophet, a necklace which at one time had belonged to Khadija, and she had given it to her as a present on her marriage. Abul-‘As was set free; he returned to Makkah, and sent Zainab to Medina as he had promised to do. Zainab, however, died couples years soon after her arrival in Medina.

The prophet married her initially to his adopted son Zaid. She reluctantly agreed to the proposal.

The story of Prophet Muhammad falling in love with his cousin and wife of his adopted son Zaid, Zainab bt. Jahsh, has been a subject of a lot of disputation for centuries. It is generally discussed in connection with Qur’an 33:37.

The verses which deal with Zaynab’s marriage are Surah al-Ahzab verses 36 and 37. The following verses, 38, 39 and 40 are viewed as a continuation and completion of thoughts of the previous verses and being in the same fold. The first verse, number 36, is believed to be revealed due to the Prophet’s desire to wed Zaynab with Zayd, and Zaynab’s consequent refusal based on her proclamation of her nobility and beauty. The second verse, number 37, covers the relaying of Zaynab’s wish to end her marriage with Zayd, following an unhappy union and the Messenger of Allah’s marriage to Zaynab. The third verse, number 38, and the continuation stresses the notion that all of these happening under the order and willpower of Allah. It also responds to possible hearsay on the happenings.

#Kenya – Completed road projects changing the face of Nairobi

Some of the Major Projects.

1. Nairobi Expressway

The Nairobi Expressway Project is a 27.1km road project beginning from Mlolongo through the Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) and Nairobi’s CBD to Westland’s area along Waiyaki Way. The over US $560m road project is the first major project in the Kenya to be carried out
through a PPP model.

The Nairobi Expressway will have a four-lane and six-lane dual carriageway within the existing median of Mombasa Road, Uhuru Highway, and Waiyaki Way as well as 10 interchanges. The section between the Eastern and Southern bypasses will be a six-lane dual carriageway while the section from to the Eastern Bypass and that from the Southern Bypass to James Gichuru will be a four-lane dual carriageway.

2. Eastern Bypass

The expansion of the Eastern Bypass into a dual carriageway at Sh12.5 billion has started as the government moves to ease traffic on the key road linking Mombasa Road to Thika Superhighway.

The expansion of the Eastern Bypass into a dual carriageway at Sh12.5 billion has started as the government moves to ease traffic on the key road linking Mombasa Road to Thika Superhighway.

Kura said that expansion of the 28-kilometre road, which stretches through busy centres such as City Cabanas, Pipeline, Utawala, and Ruiru will be done by the China Communication Construction Company Limited.

3. T-Mall Flyover

Kenya National Highways Authority (KeNHA) has commence the construction of a fly-over at T-Mall junction on Langata road. The project will consist of the upgrading of Langata-Mbagathi-Mai Mahiu crossing by means of a four lane flyover on Langata Road, and the expansion of the adjacent roads.

5. The Western Bypass

The road starts at Gitaru connecting to the Southern Bypass, passing through Wangige, Ndenderu, and terminating at Ruaka which connects to the Northern Bypass.
It connects the Southern Bypass at Gitaru and the Northern Bypass at Ruaka, thereby completing the fourth and final ring road in the Nairobi Ring Road Network Masterplan which also comprises the Eastern Bypass.
It covers 15.3km on the main carriageway and 17km committed to service roads.

6. James Gichuru Road to Rironi Highway

Is a part of the 25.3-kilometer road expansion project located partly within Nairobi and Kiambu Counties.
The project began in August 2017 and was to be completed within a period of 36 months at a cost of US $163m. While giving an update of the project, Kenha assistant corporate communication boss Charles Njogu said the 25.3-kilometer road, in addition to the side roads which are divided into two sections, the James Gichuru – Gitaru section and Gitaru – Rironi section is on course. It includes the upgrading of approximately 19 kilometers of connector roads to paved standard and the demolition of the two grade-separated junction overpass bridges at Kangemi (Kaptagat Road) and Uthiru.

Other works include the widening of the seven-existing grade-separated junction underpass bridges at Muhuri Road junction, Regen junction, Zambezi, Kiambaa, Chunga Mali and Rironi (Kamandura), to accommodate the widened main roadway.

The other roads

7. Mombasa Road, Athi River and Machakos Turnoff

Works generally consist of the construction of approximately 20km of the second carriageway between Athi River and Machakos Turnoff with the following major components:

Earthworks comprised mainly of medium height embankment construction, excavation and backfilling for unsuitable material.
Provision of new box and pipe culverts with appropriate inlet and outlet features and
Scour protection works.

Kenya major road work completed.

Construction of 2 new river bridges (Athi and Stony Athi).
Construction of 3 new interchange bridges.
Construction of 3 new pedestrian footbridges.
Construction of Road Pavement to Bituminous layers.
Road furniture, road markings and other miscellaneous works.

The project road is a section of the A8 (formerly A109) national highway in Kenya. Generally, the Project is the construction of the second carriageway of the Athi River – Machakos Turnoff Section of Nairobi – Mombasa Road (A8).
It is situated in Machakos County in the Eastern Province of Kenya. The project road lies between the urban centres of Athi River and Machakos Turnoff (Kyumvi).
Street lighting. Rectification of defects affecting completed road for a period of 12

Mai-Mai Guerrillas Fight For The Kabila Regime in DR CONGO

Kabila’s Eastern Allis (2001): A look at Mai-Mai guerrillas in DRC.

Laurent Kabila spent 30 years with anti-Mobutu guerrillas in Eastern Congo. These guerrillas became the Mai-Mai – not a tribe but a popular defence movement. Under the command of Kabila’s former companions, they have been fighting occupying troops from Rwanda since 1998. Commander Zofi has liberated a dozen villages. Before the Mai- Mai took control the occupying forces committed terrible atrocities here, as refugees testify. Now a dozen armed men protect each village.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo President Laurent Kabila speaks during a news conference in Brussels on November 25, 1998. Kabila died on January 16, 2001, after being shot by one of his bodyguards, the Belgian Foreign Ministry spokesman Koen Vervaeke told Reuters Kabila died after being hit by two bullets. “The circumstances are too confusing to know more”

They say Kabila “taught us about politics and the art of war ” after Independence in the sixties. But like all stories in this region, this one is complex. Known as Negative Forces because they are said to work closely with Hutu extremists from Rwanda, the Mai-Mai deftly changed sides more than once during Kabila’s rise to power. Now they consider themselves part of Congo’s army, although they never received many supplies from Kinshasa. As long as their ancestors’ soil is occupied, the Mai-Mai resistance will go on. The new regime may do well to court their continued loyalty.

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